TheoryATI TEAS 7 Practice Questions
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ATI TEAS 7 Questions
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Q1What is the quantity of carbon dioxide molecules needed to balance the following reaction:<br/><br/>4C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>12</sub>O<sub>6</sub> + 24O<sub>2</sub> → <code>________</code>CO<sub>2</sub> + 24H<sub>2</sub>O + Energy
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✓ Correct answer: 24
In this reaction, 4C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>12</sub>O<sub>6</sub> + 24O<sub>2</sub> will produce 24CO<sub>2</sub> + 24H<sub>2</sub>O + Energy. The balanced equation shows that for every 4 molecules of glucose (C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>12</sub>O<sub>6</sub>), we need 24 molecules of oxygen (O<sub>2</sub>) to completely react. This will produce 24 molecules of carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) and 24 molecules of water (H<sub>2</sub>O) along with the release of energy.
Q2Why is the utilization of the Latin language prominent in the present scientific nomenclature system?
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✓ Correct answer: Latin is a dead language that will not change.
Latin is a dead language, meaning that it is no longer spoken as a native language by any community. As a result, Latin remains in a fixed and unchanging state, unlike living languages that evolve over time. This stability is crucial for the utilization of Latin in the present scientific nomenclature system because scientific terms need to have clear and consistent meanings across different languages and cultures. <br/><br/>Option A) The system is very old and Latin was used at the time<br/><br/>This answer is incorrect because the age of the system does not necessarily dictate the use of Latin in the present scientific nomenclature. While it is true that Latin was historically used in scientific literature and naming conventions, the current prominence of Latin in the scientific nomenclature system is not solely due to its historical usage.<br/><br/>Option C) Latin is easier to understand<br/><br/>This answer is incorrect because Latin is not inherently easier to understand than other languages. In fact, Latin can be quite complex and challenging for non-Latin speakers. The selection of Latin for scientific nomenclature is not based on its ease of understanding, but rather on its stability and consistency.<br/><br/>Option D) The scientific community insists upon Latin because it is the language of science<br/><br/>This answer is incorrect because the scientific community does not insist upon Latin as the language of science. While Latin may have been widely used in the past, the present scientific community utilizes various languages for scientific communication. The selection of Latin for scientific nomenclature is based on the need for a language that is stable and unchanging, rather than any insistence or preference from the scientific community.
Q3Adhesion of platelets to collagen following damage to the endothelium is assisted by
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✓ Correct answer: Von Willebrand factor.
Upon damage to the lining of a blood vessel (endothelium) the body immediately takes steps to staunch the bleeding. Among the first things to occur is that platelets circulating in the blood bind directly to receptors in the collagen of the blood vessels. Von Willebrand factor, released by the endothelium and from the platelets, helps those platelets adhere to the collagen.<br/><br/>Choices A and D are incorrect, as PAF and glycoprotein IIb are steps in the pathway of primary hemostasis that do not directly strengthen the initial adhesion of platelets to collagen although they are necessary for eventual healing. Serine proteases (choice C) are part of a different pathway, secondary hemostasis, or the coagulation cascade that leads to fibrin formation and clotting.
Q4Through which process is DNA replicated?
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✓ Correct answer: Replication
DNA replication is the process by which a DNA molecule makes an identical copy of itself. This process occurs during cell division and is crucial for the transmission of genetic information from one generation to the next. Replication involves the unwinding of the DNA double helix, the separation of the two strands, and the synthesis of new complementary strands using the existing strands as templates. It is a highly accurate and tightly regulated process that ensures the faithful replication of genetic material.<br/><br/>Option A) Transformation: Transformation is a genetic process in which foreign DNA is introduced into a cell, resulting in the permanent alteration of the cell's genetic makeup. It is commonly used in genetic engineering and biotechnology.<br/><br/>Option B) Transcription: Transcription is the process by which the information stored in the DNA sequence is used to synthesize a complementary RNA molecule. It involves the synthesis of messenger RNA (mRNA) from a DNA template and is an important step in gene expression.<br/><br/>Option D) Reduction: Reduction is a chemical process that involves the gain of electrons or the loss of oxygen atoms. It is not directly related to the replication of DNA.
Q5Which taxonomic rank is the next-smallest after Order?
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✓ Correct answer: Family
The taxonomy ranks run from largest to smallest: Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species. The next-smallest after Order is Family. A useful mnemonic for remembering is, ‘King Philip Came Over For Great Spaghetti.’.
Q6As amino acids are linked together, they form proteins. Amino acids like cysteine which contain a sulfur atom may covalently bond to each other, forming a disulfide bridge.<br/><br/>What protein structure level is it?
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✓ Correct answer: Tertiary structure.
Generally, amino acids form through amide linkages also known as peptide bonds. Chains of those linkages form proteins.<br/><br/>However, atoms on the side chains can form covalent bonds within the protein as well. That is referred to as the <em>tertiary structure </em>of the protein. Hydrogen bonding is considered part of the protein’s <em>secondary structure</em>.<em> </em>The correct answer therefore, is (C).
Q7An organism with chloroplasts in its cells is probably <code>________</code>.
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✓ Correct answer: An autotroph
Organisms that have chloroplasts in their cells carry on photosynthesis and are therefore autotrophs. Autotrophs make their own food.
Q8Which of the following comparisons between arteries and veins is true?
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✓ Correct answer: Veins have valves, and arteries do not.
Due to the lower pressure in the venous system and the fact that most blood is trying to return back to the heart against the force of gravity, veins have valves that prevent blood from moving backwards. Veins do not contain thick, muscular walls like arteries do. If venous walls were thick like arterial walls, there would be more resistance for blood flowing into veins. Since blood in the venous side is already under a lower pressure, this would create a problem for blood to return to the heart.<br/><br/>Arteries have thick muscular walls due to the higher pressure of blood flow in the arterial side of circulation. Veins carry blood that is leaving tissue after it has unloaded oxygen, therefore they carry oxygen-depleted blood, along with metabolic waste back towards the heart. Venous blood carries oxygen-deficient blood back to the heart. Arteries carry oxygen-rich blood from the heart to tissues where oxygen can be delivered and used for cellular respiration. Due to the higher pressure in which arterial blood must flow, arteries have thicker walls and smaller lumen, or diameter, as compared to veins.<br/><br/>Veins are often considered to be capacitance vessels as they carry a larger volume of blood, and have thinner walls, and greater wall compliance to accommodate the higher volume of blood.
Q9What structure provides insulation for axons as action potentials move along?
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✓ Correct answer: Myelin sheath
The myelin sheath, composed of oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system and Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system, provides insulation for the axon. As an action potential travels down an axon it essentially jumps between nodes that are not covered by myelin (call nodes of Ranvier). The myelin sheath is very similar to the covering on an electric cord.
Q10What type of mutation during meiosis can lead to an abnormal number of chromosomes in the offspring?
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✓ Correct answer: Non-disjunction
Non-disjunction is a type of mutation that can occur during meiosis, the process of cell division that produces reproductive cells (gametes). Normally, during meiosis, chromosomes segregate and are evenly distributed into the resulting gametes. However, non-disjunction occurs when chromosomes fail to separate properly, leading to an abnormal number of chromosomes in the resulting gametes.<br/><br/>Option A (Replication) refers to the process of DNA replication, which occurs prior to cell division. Replication is necessary for the accurate duplication of genetic material, but it does not directly affect the number of chromosomes in the offspring.<br/><br/>Option B (Translation) is the process by which ribosomes synthesize proteins using the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Translation is not directly related to the number of chromosomes in the offspring.<br/><br/>Option D (Frame shift) is a type of mutation that involves the insertion or deletion of nucleotides in a DNA sequence. Frame shift mutations can alter the reading frame of codons and result in changes to the entire sequence of amino acids in a protein. However, frame shift mutations do not directly cause an abnormal number of chromosomes in the offspring.
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