TheoryCV-BC Cardiac Nurse Prep Practice Test Video
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Q1A patient arrives at the emergency department with intense chest pain, shortness of breath, elevated heart rate, blood pressure, and an abnormal ECG showing ST-elevation. What immediate interventions are most commonly prioritized in this scenario?
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✓ Correct answer: Oxygen, aspirin, nitroglycerine, and morphine
The immediate treatment for a suspected myocardial infarction with ST-elevation includes oxygen for ensuring adequate oxygenation, aspirin to inhibit platelet aggregation, nitroglycerine to manage chest pain and reduce cardiac workload, and morphine for pain and anxiety management.
Q2A 79-year-old patient with end-stage cardiac disease has a healthcare proxy in place that explicitly states no life-prolonging treatments. A relative insists on administering an experimental drug. What should the healthcare team do in this situation?
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✓ Correct answer: Inform the relative that the patient's healthcare proxy directives must be followed, and the drug will not be administered.
The healthcare team is legally and ethically obligated to follow the patient's healthcare proxy instructions. The directive overrides the relative's requests for experimental drug administration. The team should support the relative emotionally while clearly communicating that the proxy directives are binding.
Q3A patient admitted to the emergency room is experiencing severe shortness of breath and chest pain. The ECG shows atrial fibrillation with a rapid ventricular response of 160 bpm, leading to hypotension and altered mental status. What is the most appropriate immediate treatment for this patient?
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✓ Correct answer: Synchronized cardioversion
Synchronized cardioversion is typically used for atrial fibrillation with a rapid ventricular response, especially when the patient is hemodynamically unstable (e.g., showing signs of hypotension or altered mental status). This procedure delivers a controlled electric shock to the heart to restore normal rhythm.
Q4Anticoagulation therapy is advised before which of the following cardiovascular procedures?
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✓ Correct answer: Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR)
Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) requires anticoagulation therapy to reduce the risk of clot formation during and after the procedure. In emergency procedures like percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), there might not be enough time to initiate anticoagulation therapy beforehand. Cardiac catheterization without intervention typically does not require anticoagulation.
Q5You are designing an exercise program for a patient recovering from a myocardial infarction (MI). Refer to the table below. Which exercise level is generally recommended to provide cardiovascular benefits while minimizing risk? Activity Level Exercise Type Risk Assessment Low Walking Low risk, promote for general cardiovascular benefit Moderate Cycling on a stationary bike Moderate risk, safe under supervision High Running High risk, should be closely supervised or avoided Very High Competitive sports Very high risk, not recommended for MI recovery
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✓ Correct answer: Low risk, promote for general cardiovascular benefit
Patients recovering from a myocardial infarction are encouraged to engage in low-risk activities, such as walking, to promote cardiovascular health without excessive stress on the heart. Moderate activities can be considered with supervision, while high to very high-risk activities are usually avoided.
Q6When using a heart rate monitor during exercise, a patient should:
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✓ Correct answer: Log exercise intensities and any symptoms experienced.
While using a heart rate monitor during exercise, it's important for patients to log exercise intensities and any symptoms they experience. This helps in correlating heart rate data with physical activity and symptoms, providing valuable information for diagnosing potential cardiac issues. The monitor should remain on during the entire exercise session to gather continuous data.
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