For which of the following medications must a patient be advised to avoid consuming grapefruit juice due to potential drug interaction?
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✓ Correct answer: A. SimvastatinAnswer: Simvastatin Simvastatin is a statin used to control cholesterol levels. Grapefruit juice contains compounds that can interfere with enzymes (specifically CYP3A4) in the small intestine, leading to higher levels of simvastatin in the bloodstream, which can increase the risk of side effects such as muscle pain and liver damage. Therefore, it is important for patients taking simvastatin to avoid consuming grapefruit juice. Lisinopril is an ACE inhibitor used to treat high blood pressure, and it does not interact with grapefruit juice. Metformin is a medication for type 2 diabetes that regulates blood sugar levels, and it also does not interact with grapefruit juice. Levothyroxine is a synthetic thyroid hormone used to treat hypothyroidism, and it does not have a known interaction with grapefruit juice.
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