A physical therapist is reviewing the medical records of a 62-year-old male patient in an outpatient clinic who is undergoing rehabilitation for chronic kidney disease (CKD). The chart notes reveal the patient's blood test shows an elevated serum phosphorus level of 6.5 mg/dL. Based on this information, which comorbidity does the patient MOST likely have?
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✓ Correct answer: C. Secondary hyperparathyroidismAnswer: Secondary hyperparathyroidism Explanation: The normal serum phosphorus level ranges from 2.5 to 4.5 mg/dL. Elevated levels above this range indicate hyperphosphatemia. Chronic kidney disease frequently leads to secondary hyperparathyroidism as the kidneys lose the ability to excrete phosphorus, leading to high serum phosphorus levels. Other causes of hyperphosphatemia include hypoparathyroidism and excessive intake of phosphate supplements. Symptoms of hyperphosphatemia may include itching, muscle cramps, and joint pain. Conditions such as acute renal failure, metabolic alkalosis, and vitamin D deficiency typically result in hypophosphatemia, or low serum phosphorus levels.
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