AVasodilation and pooling of blood in extremities. Two examples are spinal cord injury and brain damage.
BCardiac output decreases, the heart muscle weakens, and venous pressure is unstable. Two examples are anaphylaxis and septic shock.
CInadequate blood volume. Two examples are hemorrhage and intravascular coagulation.
DCardiac insufficiency causes shock symptoms. An example is myocardial infarction shock.
✓ Correct answer: B. Cardiac output decreases, the heart muscle weakens, and venous pressure is unstable. Two examples are anaphylaxis and septic shock.Vasogenic shock most frequently occurs with anaphylaxis and septic shock (toxic shock) from infection.Hemorrhagic shock results from hemorrhage or inadequate blood volume replacement. <br/><br/>Neurogenic shock is loss of vasomotor tone in peripheral blood vessels, leading to sudden vasodilation and pooling of blood. <br/><br/>Cardiogenic shock occurs when the pumping action of the left ventricle is insufficient to pump enough blood to vital organs.
Keep practising. Use the free ATLS PDF, watch the YouTube walkthrough, or unlock all 10 web questions with timed mock exams.
Free practice here. Timed mocks when you are ready.
Study the ATLS Exam Prep 2026 Test free question explanations, download the PDF, then unlock timed mock exams on the web when you want exam-day practice.